Civilization--India to West...............

The Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had developed a good trade relationship with Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Turkey around 2500 BC period.  As per Puranic descriptions, Kartavirya Arjuna built unconquered and giant naval fleet comprised thousands of war ships and built a mighty empire and ruled for 86 years.  Kartavirya Arjuna revived the fading glory of Haihayas (Yadu descendants) and Haihayas fleets prospered and accumulated lot of wealth by their sole sovereignty on overseas trade.  Yadu was the Yayati eldest son, who was denied throne and Haihayas were Yadu descendants. Hya or Chinese Xia dynasty ruled for 2100—1600 BC until the Shang dynasty overthrew them.

Kshatriyas earned enormous wealth and built a mighty Vaisya-Kshatriya empire. The another one on same line was Bhriguvanshis Brahmins with the wealth of Vaisya and they too set up a huge merchant enterprise on western ocean. The clashes between the two giants were obvious and gradually, Kshatriya merchants were becoming shorter before Brahmin merchants. Trade rivalry turned into a bloody war and Haihayas massacred all the Bhrigus and invited their assured destruction.  Thus, the first Dharma Yudha was about to begin when 17 Akshauhinis of Haihayas, 100 sons of Kartavirya, his allies and the custodian of old dharma- Vashistha arrayed against Parshuram, armies of Vishwamitra, Ikshwaku king Sagara and his cavalry force.  Probably the story revolves around mature Harappan phase. The 5 pool of blood filled with Haihayas dead. The old society was destroyed and ready to start from fresh, a new kind of Kshatriya was ready to take birth.

Parshuram was born as Brahmin and act as Kshatriya and he was referred as Vishnu avatar, a Rama with an axe! He manifested from Jamdagni’s anger, a Kshatriya anger to slay the Akarmic (inaction), aggressive, unprogressive, and Adharmic Kshatriya.  He vacated Bharata land from Kshatriyas; he conquered 18 lands.

Conflicts and contradictions among the people were arising because of incorporation and assimilation of new rules and disfavoring the old pattern of society.  The only way remained to accept the change in society for further evolution or leave this holy land. Why there had been occurred so many Deva-Assura war in remote antiquity and haven’t we seen the sudden rise of new civilizations in near nest at the same time? Do we have any historical evidences of the evolution phases of Assyrian, Akkadian, Hitties, Mittani and Greeks civilizations?

Greeks and all feudal states of Greeks developed the unconquered naval fleets and carried a long historic rivalry with the Persians for many centuries. The dynasty in the Epic of Homer is called Atreides (originated from Atri). Atri sons were Somachandra, Durvasa, and Dattatreya and KArtavirya Arjuna was the disciple of Dattatreya. PArshuram destroyed the Mithila dynasty and gave reign to Dattatreya and Dattatreya was succeeded by Nimi whose onward descendant, after few generations, would be King Janaka (Ramayana fame). King Nimi and his genealogies were greatly described in Jaina text.

Sage Atri was Brahma son (start of origin) and he had 3 wives: Aditi, Diti and Danu. Danu is similar to Don river of Russia. Adityas were born from Aditi, Daityas were born from Diti and Danavas were born from Danu. The ninety provinces and rulers of Assyrian provinces bear the Assura familiar name.  One of sons of Danu and one of the provinces of Assyria is called Sambara.  Sambara is described as assura in our mythology to whom Krishana fought and defeated.

India at ancient time (In the Epic age) was "Akhanda Bharath" which includes Aratti (Arab), Gandhar (Afghan - Kandahar), Pakistan (Kaikeya and Madra regions are from Pakistan), Today's India, Nepal, Burma (Myanmar), Tibet, Sri Lanka, some portions of China (Not entire China), Some parts of Russia (Not entire Russia), Cambodia (often referred as "Kamboja") and few other Lands of Indonesia, and ofcourse Bangladesh. These many areas were called "Maha-Bharath" too!! Yudhistera, Nahusha, Sagara were the Chakravartin Samrat who ruled the entire world/earth (Akhand Bharat). Later India is referred as Jambu Dweepa. Jambu Dweepa means land below Jambu or Jammu. There is no particular Sanskrit word for refereeing “Sub-continent”.

MitraVaruna is the Ahura Mazda. Aryamana in iranian would be Iranaman. Aryamana was sun god at one point then took other roles. Sun position is occupied on rotational basis. Mitra was the Sun at the time of Samudra Manthan and maleficed by Rahu.  Ahura Mazda means Lord of Asuras. In monotheist zoroastranism, Mitra is Mithra and Varuna is Ahura Mazda and Indra is Mazda Indra, his place is still called Mazendran.

In a treaty between the Hittites and the Mitanni, the deities Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Nasatya (Ashvins) were invoked. Well, I can go further to the Balts and Slavic nations and the similar mythologies and Gods that they share with us. But the purpose here is to focus on to various contemporary civilizations developing in west around the period of mature Harrapan phase.  People were evolving, shunning the old ideas and old practices, developing new vibrant thoughts, incorporating new teachings and philosophies and new Dharma was established in India. New paradigm was set and society was inclining towards Vedic way of life.

There was no religion kind in Ancient India and Epic India. They had several philosophies which were continuously evolving for the betterment of life.  There is no ONE supreme path; choose middle path; choose your own way; your own will and make your path and accept the karma result.  No separate Vedic or Indus civilization as it has been taught in history since several years. Vedic and Indus traditions were part of a single society and that extended to the Central Asia so maybe someday we could find our Krsna, Arjuna, Chanakaya, and ChandraGupta had been born in Iranian land!

Vaivastava Manu (current Manu avatar) had founded 4 solar kingdoms which become 9 kingdoms and called Surya Mandala. Solar kingdom, where everybody is equal, men are equal to women! It was after 30 generations, the lunar lineages descended from Yayati. Sun and Moon were Danava before that’s why they recognized the Rahu (assura), when Mohini (Samudra-Manthan) was giving Amrit to Rahu. Assura was the society, who rejected the Sura (Wine drinking or social life or civilized life) and Deva accepted the Sura drinking. Assura were brutal, barbarians, pastoralists and uncivilized Kshatriyas who shun the Brahmin way of civilized and peaceful life. That ‘why the ParshuRam picked up the axe and started killing these barbaric Kshatriyas. We can assume that vast scale of urbanizations has also created a cohesion and struggle between the urbanized and pastoralist’s society.  As the urbanization had taken speed the uniformity in social rules, writings, cultures, and weight measures were incorporated. Miscreants Assures had denied the well formed guiding rules and rejected the socialist ideas.

Swarga was the term used for Swarajya! Indra was the title and occupied by many deserving elected persons and most of the time people fought with each other for holding the position of Indra-the ruler of the world. The elected Indra, at this period, was the supporter of rational and innovative ideas and he supported the counter riks (countering Rigveda) of Narada and his ideas of austerities, penance and renunciation for the enlightenment. This created a fissure in society and new paradigm was in its way to construct a Vedic civilization.  The Indra stood against the old guard of Dharma—The Vasishtha. Buddha, at that time, supported Rig Vedas old riks and opposed the idea of penniless rishies.  Buddha represented here the newly evolved Kshatriya who participated in Dharma Yudha and had slain uncivilized Kshatriyas. Rig Veda is a family text and each mandala is contributed by a certain rishi families and thus reflects their philosophies. 

Indra made alliances with Daityas, Chandra and Agni for spreading harmony in a society. Chandra, as per his assura nature, created a problem for Indra and that led to next Deva-Assura Sangram. There are 15 Deva-Assura sangram have been listed in Puranas and you can guess the amount of strife and struggle in the society and consequently mass exodus to distant westward lands.  The natural calamities like floods, quakes, and shrunken rivers also add up to the migrations of people to a large extent. There is an interesting story behind Chandra-Assura sangram with Devas, though I m skipping the story to not to extend the article.

Anyway, Chandra backed by Assuras and killed almost Devas. That rifted the society ideologically and culturally in different parts. Chandra got the son Buddha. Buddha married Ila and this was the start of a Lunar dynasty, philosophically. Ila was a combination of a man and a stallion and converted to a woman and married Buddha. Ila was the original goddess of Venus and all other Pantheons have goddess for planet Venus, except ours. May be they would had been parted away to different directions before Ila was replaced with Shukra (Assura Guru and Brahmin) in our mythologies. Ila was the Sumerian goddess Ishtar—the goddess of war and seduction. Ila seduced Buddha and took him away and Suryavanshi replaced the woman with a male Brahmin. They contradicted the earlier notion of men equal women. The Budhha had a son Pururava and his grandson was Nahusha, who had a vast empire extended to Turkey and near east. Nahusha and his nephew Nriga were also Indra at one time. Ancient Chaldeans and Babylonians in remote antiquity worshipped Nregala, the lord of heaven (NRIGA!) who is also an Aditya and is supported by seven wise men (Sobitti or saptarishi).

Buddha (Lunar Dynasty) son Pururva had several wives. His queen Ira is supposed to be the founder of Iranian dynasty and lady Urvashi (lived in Ur) is the most famous one and his soul mate. This was the period between 3500-3000 BC and Leonard Wooley discovered a queen’s tomb (in City Ur), made of gold, dated to 3300 BC.  This is not proof but proofs lie somewhere here, need to be unprejudiced mind while digging out the truth. Back to the story, Urvashi had been called back by Ghandharva and after several pursuance allowed to meet Pururva, once in a year. He had many sons from different other wives who shared his original kingdom.  We find many cultural similarities in Mesopotamia, Elam, Susa, Assyria, Akkad, Babylone and other surrounding civilizations.

Indra is the Verethragana of ancient Assyrians and Persians. He became over time the Vahagna (Vrahi Agni) of Armenians later called Vram (Vishnu). Both Agni and Vishnu are Indra’s deputies. Over time later Sogdians called him Wshn or Vishnu. Manicheans adopted him in their religion as Wryhrm.

Many Buddha had been born before the Siddhartha Buddha! And Siddhartha Buddha hadn’t created a new religion; Buddha means ‘enlightened one’ and he was Sakyamuni Gautam Siddhartha. It was after 100 years of his PariNirvana, his preaching and stories were compiled and in the first Buddhist council, Buddhism was dived into Mahayana and Hinyana and Buddhism as a religion has started taking shape. Earlier Buddhism was known as Kshatriya Dharma—a refined way of Kshatriyahood. From the beginning, you can see that several Dharma Yudha had been occurred to kill the adharmic Kshtriyas. Kshatriya means the particular Tamsic ideologies, manner of life, cultures, socio-political ideas and Buddha was the rebellion against the brutalism of war and massacre of people in the name of gaining kingdom. He defied the idea of animal sacrifices in victory Yajna (Aswamedha). He himself was fond of eating pork and someone knew this and served him uncooked meat and that proofed his last meal.

Near to the end of BC period, there was no division in society on religion. Maurya family was a coalition of Jain, Buddhist, Vedic and Ajivaka paths. These were not the separate religion, unlike today. ChandraGupta Maurya was a Jain and Chanakaya was a nephew of Jain Shaktar (Nanda minister). Buddhist path was called Ksatriya path after Siddhartha. Jain as Vaisya patha after Mahavira's because major followers came from Vaisya community.  Ajivaka founded by a cities Brahmin and that was based in the markets or say the limited to business community. Villagers were still following the Vedic or traditional beliefs. So these many, so called, religions evolved because of different ideologies surviving in society, like today we have so many political parties.

Sarmanic tradition is the oldest religious tradition of India. Jainism and Buddhism came out from Sarmanic tradition. Asoka, nowhere in his edict had written Buddhism, instead he mentioned Sarman, Brahman, Dhamma (Dharma), Sangha (church). Jainism (Sarmanism) is the oldest religion not in India but throughout the world. Sarmanic tradition was deep routed in Induc valley. Social equality, aesthetic religion, naked saint, ascetic life, austerities, Vanvasa, penance, Yogi Shiva/Rishaba, Sadhu are the Sarmanic way of life.  

Vedas mentioned only two temples: Jaganatha Puri and Thirumala-Thiripati. RigVeda didn’t know about god; they paid their gratitude to the various Devatas for their benevolence in the kind of wealth, nature, fire, water, rain, wind and the list goes on.  Indra was the prominent god/lord of Devata at Rigvedic time; Vishnu, Shiva and rest of gods came later. These 2 temples were already existed there, before the Vedas discovered other gods! Haven’t we thought ever that once a religion was widespread throughout India and now they have reduce to possess just one pilgrim site and only one god and that is Sravana Belagola, Karnataka!! Dharma is a Karmic Wheel and several thousand years later the Hindus faced the same bloodshed and atrocities in the name of other religion.

India is not the land of once race, one culture, one language, and one god so to impose a simple theory that some Aryans invaded India and destroyed Indus Valley civilization is the outcome of very cheap and lazy research. Before British India, there was no north-south faction, no states was divided on the basis of language; they were reigned and known by a different rulers. Now we have some 27 states based on Languages, primarily. As the time change, the society evolves to take new convenient shape and discard the old beliefs and notions. When the mighty civilizations of Persia, Greeks, Rome, and Egypt buried on ground, India is still carrying its heritage despite of several invasions, lootings and bloodshed, Why?? They have been encapsulated in their cultural strength, their rational philosophies, their open attitude for listening and assimilating logical ways and their struggle for continuous evolution. The Same Persians, Greeks, Rome, and all around Near East had succumbed to tyrants; they haven’t evolved from their old Kshatriyahood notions.

When the India was burning in the reigns of Turks, Sultanates, Pathans, Mughals, Ghori, and Gajanavies, the Bhakti galore of Tulsidas, Soordas, Meerabai, Kabir, Rahim, Sankara, and Chaitanya had given solace to the masses and kept them bound with their heritage and soil. We may disagree of Tulsi Ramayana and Meera blind Bhakti but their purpose was not to serve logics but to ignite faith in the masses for the supreme. That was the demand of time and they served perfectly. India is the land of Avataras and is the mother of all religions and civilizations. These people will come again and again when needed, in various Avatars. Humane logics have no role to play when God HIMself come down to earth to saving mankind.

Continued from Same story and different interpretations................

Ravana had a large support of Asura, Preta, and Yaksha and thus he acquired half of kingdom of Kubera. At one time, most of Preta Asure, Manava, and Gandharva followed Kubera and were called Yaksha.  Later they all got separated from each other because of internal conflicts emerged in their society. Pandavas also had a few conflicts with Yakshas in Mahabharat. It seems Yakshas were loosing trust amongst people and they needed to incorporate changes otherwise they would be thrown away from the system. Kubera was disassociated from the mainstream Deva and given an alone kingdom at polar region.

Gandharva was the heterodox and free cultural society and very different from the rigid central Indian kingdoms. They were distributed all over India and we see the major conflicts in society and the consequential Kuru-Panchal war—Mahabharat. Yaksha, Raksha, Daitya, Danavas, Manavas and anybody could be Gandharva based of their cultural preferences.  Yadavas and Panchalas societies had incorporated Gandharva culture. Yadavas was the confederation of many clans so they had divided opinions on many things. Many Gandharva rishis had created Brahmans, Arayanaka, and Upanishads on the land of Panchalas and majority of cases their mothers were Apsaras (Belonged to Gandharva community).

There are some of the allegories that are most frequently used to degrade the ancient past and thus questioned the whole civilization. Overwhelming character of Soota Putra Karna and Ekalavya are the most famous!

Soota caste to whom our modern, rebellious, and literary gem superhero Karna belonged was actually more responsible job than the Brahmin. They used to be the royal herald and the record keepers of Puranas and Vedas. Now a day, the Soota caste is reduced to a petty charioteer. Charioteer was highly revered in ancient society that’swhy the profession was adopted by Krishana, Shalya (Madra king), and Adhirath (Anga royal prince & Karna father).  They would the royal entourage who get the donations by the kings after the Aswamedha or Rajsuya Yagna. The medieval century’s editors and copiest translate the term ‘Sootaputra’ as son of charioteer. While the early English translations by English in Europe, French and Dutch all translate the term Sootaputra as “Son of Royal Herald. No curse of Parshuram was for non-brahmin status as he had plenty of non-brahmin students in his ashram including Bheesma. 

Eklavya was the Nishada, who was the son of Brahmana and Sudra. Nishada lost status by 2 nd century AD but Mahabharat is much older text. Eklavya sons were fought for Pandavas in Kurukshetera, whose father has lost his thumb because of Arjuna! As per Agni Puranas, the thumb is useful for good archery, but it is not necessary. Ring finger is more important in the science of archery. 

In Ramayana, Guha (the king of Nishada) brought 50,000 warriors to fight for Rama assuming that Bharata is going to attack Rama. The ruling family of Nishadas was the Kshatriya. Nishadha King Nala and Damyanti story is most famous. Many Yadava princes were adopted in Nishada family and Eklavya was the cousin of Krishana and not the poor tribal man victimized by Brahmana (Drona) and Kshatriya (Arjuna).

In ancient time, throne was something to be acquired by merit and not by birth. Yudu was the Yayati’s elder son and still he hadn’t got the throne because the youngest son Puru was the most appropriate for the throne. Yadu, despite of Devyani son and Sukracharya grandson didn’t deserved the throne and the son of a maid has got the throne without any socio-political hurdles. Puru was the son of Sarmishtha, who was Devyani’s maid. Dushyanta’s royal sons hadn’t got any rights on throne and Bharata (belonged to Kanva family) got the throne. His later descendant adopted his General’s son and made him king.  Shantanu and Bheesma were the General (Senapati) blood and not the Bharata.  

There are many cases can be found where the original bold or the eldest son had been denied and merits ascended the genes. Cousins and cross-cousins adoptions were wide spread and most of the times they have ascended the throne than the own sons of kings.  Pandu, Dharistara, and Vidura were the Parashara blood and they changed the original bloodline of Kuru to whom Bheesma belonged.  Societies were very vibrant and people were joining any culture and ideologies as per their intellects and beliefs and this process continuously refreshing the old ideas and dead practices.

Some customs had continued for a long time and it’s no surprise if we see the similar bride price incident at the time of Chandragupta Maurya which happened thousands of years later from the time of Pandu. Pandu got Bhalika princess (Madree) when he defeated Madra king and Chandragupta Maurya got the princess Helena after defeating Selecus Nicator! As per Armenian text, Bhalikas were the master of 15 lands. They could be as close to Madra land and stretch as far to Greek island.

Yudhistera was unanimously declared as Dharamraja after the war because of his stand against the unprogressive approach of Kuru, rigid and dead norms of society, inactive and stagnant ideas of society, oppression of people, and adharma.  He emphasis on ability and deeds rather than birth or status. Why do you think that no one in Kuru Sabha had spoken a word against Draupadi’s tragedy; Bheesma and Drona and all other elders and powerful rulers and nobles let that happened? Why Pandavas were denied throne every time and they spent most of their times in forest dwellings? The old patriarch nobles and statesmen didn’t want any change in the stale old rules, they had become comfortable with the current social norms through generations and didn’t want any vibration to the stagnant water.

This led the tendency to controlling and exploiting lives and many generations of Pandavas suffered this.  Yudhistera redeemed from his past mistakes of trusting people, to stake all of his belongings without thinking of future, to having a mild attitude for all misdeeds and to possessing the wavering ideas. The same Yudhistera who was ready to reconcile on 5 villages later was firm as rock to rage the war. 

The forest lives (Vanvassa)was the period of redemption, period of learning, period of acquiring knowledge, period of gathering strength and most of our philosophical texts, like Brahmana, Arayanka, Upanishadas, and Vedantas were the outcome of this learning and exploration.

India had been a witness of several movements that were raised against the oppressive dharma and brought out renaissance in the society. Mahavira, Buddha, Ajivakas, and several other cults and practices were the results of these revolutions

Same story and different interpretations......................

We are all aware of the black event of the epic history which is questioning our civilization from antiquity till now and that was Draupadi Vastraharan. Lot of accusations, debates, counter questioning and dramas had been happened before this horrendous incident. Karana called her ‘Vaisya’ because she had five husbands or she had conjugal relations with more than 4 men, in other term. Women were considered sinless until they cross the limit of 4 men as Kunti is the best example.  Almost times the prejudiced historians forget to mention Kunti’s statement to Pandu regarding women’s sexual freedom at epic time. Panchali was not the first incident of polyandrous marriage. It was not an alien thing for Panchala tribes and there were series of genealogies of polyandrous marriage. They were referred as true Bharata and Kuru were the Bharata also. Mahabharata war revolves around Kuru and Panchala.

She was referred ‘Vaisya’ and the same is the caste for business class who involves in commercial activities that is purely based on give and take policy. They are the financial and economic strength of any nation and nation survive because of the insatiate needs of these Vaisyas to earn more and more. Karana attacked the Vaisya class. I won’t use caste because there was no such thing as caste unlike today and it’s more of a mind generated idea for fulfilling personal and political agendas. The Vaisya class left Duryodhana, trade and business were destroyed, their prosperities were destroyed and Duryodhana’s thigh had already broken before the actual war started.  How the stories take shape around the socio-political, cultural, and historical developments.

As per the Purush sukta of Rigveda, the Vaisya was depicted by Brahma's thigh and the castiest mind interpreted it as the lower position in society than Brahmin and Kshatriya. Vaisya provides the stability and prosperity to any country for surveillance and they are enabling the Purusha to stand erect in any situation because the legs are strong and unwavering.

Merit would decided by Karma than Janma and that was repeatedly pronounced by Narada, Yudhistara, Rama, and various ancient sages through Upanishads and other texts. 

Vashistha was the revered Brahmin family and his descendants were all Sudra while Kanva family descendants were found in all caste (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya, Sudra). Gautama was made Brahmin; he didn’t belong to the original seven Brahmin family.  He achieved Brahmin status because of his merit like Vishwamitra.  Kakashivana was Sudra born but was the priest at Yudhistra Rajsuya Yangya. Yajna, Dana, Penance, Renunciation, austerities, and Gyan were the ways to increase order of merit to be raised to Brahminhood.

The people were divided in four different classes based on their occupations they choose as per their skills and ability. Their choice of profession would go with their nature, potential, education, capability and resources. The system was not meant to degrade one class and elevate the other as it now becomes the usual norm of reading the ancient texts with casteiest eyes. IT class, corporate class, service class (including all government jobs), academic class (teacher, professors and researchers), scientist class and so many classes can be identified and distinguished as a separate class from each others in terms of their resources, mode of operation, policies and conducts, rules and regulations, eligibilities and skills sets.

Sudra referred the service class and they were the gross inhabitants of any civilization. Lot more people belonged to Sudra including, charioteer, artisans, potters, servants, goldsmiths, weapon makers, medical staffs including doctors, engineers, constructers, messengers and so on so forth.

Brahmin is the class of teacher, sermons, sadhu, priest, writers, poets who give their knowledge and the society would pay them the gratitude and take care their basic needs by giving dakshina and bhiksha.

I would like to point out some of the miscreant sections which are contradicting to the very essence of the epics itself.  The Puranas, Mahabharat, Ramayana and other scriptures we have today is the copy of 400-500 AD at the minimum and since then they had gone through different phases of editings and reinterpretations depending upon the socio-political and teritorrial changes. Ramayana became popular in mass during the Guptas ear when they used the local archer hero Rama as ideal man in combating Hunas. The whole India was united and stood by Skanda Gupta. He did great endeavors, collected big army and fought with Hunas for 12 years, away from his mother land. The Vikramaditya, Skanda Gupta, and their uncles’ struggles and endeavors against Hunas were incorporated in Ramayana and the local tales had become a biggest epic for Indian. 

This doesn’t mean that there was no Ramayana or no Rama, of course they had but the stories were largely influenced and  interoperated with the current happenings. Sita means the furrow in land and Skanda Gupta fought for his land/his nation against Hunas. Sita renunciation/abandonment is the creation of the Kalidas popular play “Raghuvansham” and it now an allegory to refer the Indian woman as an Abla Nari. Neither Valmiki Ramayana nor any Purana ever mentioned the story of Sita abandonment by Rama. 

Panini (the Sanskrit grammarian) had frozen the Sanskrit language around 500 BC as per the historic evidences and Valmiki Ramayana was composed thousands of years before than Panini. The drastic changes of language in thousands years had itself had changed many stories and their interpretations.

At the time of Buddha, India had 18 Mahajanapada and the same is given in Ramayana also. Around 600 BC, India had 16 Mahaganapda and kamboja, most of Ghandhara, Tigris, and Euphrates were under the sovereignty of Persian empire. The strong archer based partha tribes destroyed the Seleucid Yavanas and established rule of Dharma and silk route for 400 years. As well said in Kurukshetra ”utho Partha”! The right of rebellions against an unjust ruler had always been a part of political philosophy during Epic age ancient India. It is evident through Ramayana, Mahabharata, Mauryas, Guptas, and so on.

Ravana, the most prominent figure of Ramayana was well known as Dasanana at his time.  He had written few riks of Vedas and had a great contributions on the composition of Krishana (Black) Yajurveda. Rakshas were allowed to write Vedas and they say that the Sudras were denied of even listening Vedas.  Ravana had a unique philosophy on religions, politics and dharma and he built a big kingdom and gathered many supporters. Ancient Indian societies were running on free will of a person and that’swhy various religions, philosophies, and cultures were all flourished in this land. People were free to use their intellects and lead their path as per their beliefs and thus, every person is responsible for his own action.

Ravana built   a highly centralized system where all the powers were owe to him. Power catalyzes the hunger for more power and women were being victimized (Sita, Mandoodari, Surupnakha) in this power game of men. He initiated the conversion of people to gather wide supports for his ideology and to increase Raksha communities. Madhu Yadavas were the first one who converted into Raksha and later reconverted into Yadava Kshatriya. Vibhishana and few other ministers of Ravana camp were in favors of old Yaksha philosophy of life.  Yakshas can be compared with today’s capitalism which are directed to attain profits and enjoying life. 

Ravana had taken the responsibility of all the people and ensured to distribute the resources equally amongst them. Raksha was the separate ideology of politics and life. Nothing is good for the long time and rules are built to change as per the requirements generate. Ravana had become so obsessed with centralized power and aggravated many misdeeds and corruptions which had to be ended for once and all! 

To be Continued......